Retinal Vein Occlusions (RVO)

What is Retinal Vein Occlusion? 

Retinal Vein Occlusion occurs when a vein in the retina becomes blocked, preventing normal blood flow. This can lead to fluid buildup, bleeding, and even vision loss in the affected area of the retina. 

Types of RVO 

There are two main types of RVO: 

• Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion (BRVO): A blockage occurs in one of the smaller branches of the retinal veins. 
• Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO): The main vein carrying blood out of the retina becomes blocked. 

Causes 

The exact cause of RVO can vary, but factors that may contribute include: 

• Aging: As we age, the blood vessels in the retina may become less flexible and more prone to blockages. 
• High Blood Pressure: Hypertension can increase the risk of RVO by damaging the blood vessel walls. 
• Diabetes: Diabetic retinopathy, a complication of diabetes, can lead to changes in retinal blood vessels that may predispose to RVO. 
• Glaucoma: Increased pressure within the eye can affect blood flow in the retinal vessels. 
• Smoking: Tobacco use is a known risk factor for RVO. 

Symptoms 

Symptoms of RVO may include: 

• Sudden or gradual blurring or loss of vision 
• Distorted vision, such as seeing wavy or crooked lines 
• Floaters, which are dark spots or strings that drift across your field of vision 

• Reduced peripheral vision 

Diagnosis and Treatment 

Diagnosis of RVO typically involves a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist. Treatment options may include: 

• Anti-VEGF Injections: These medications can help reduce swelling and leakage in the retina. 
• Steroid Injections: Corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation and improve symptoms. 
• Laser Therapy: This treatment can help seal leaking blood vessels and reduce swelling. 
• Vitrectomy: In severe cases with significant bleeding or fluid accumulation, surgery may be necessary to remove blood or scar tissue from the eye. 

Retinal Vein Occlusions can be concerning, but early detection and appropriate treatment can help manage the condition and preserve vision. If you experience any symptoms suggestive of RVO, it’s essential to consult an eye care professional for evaluation and appropriate management. 

We hope this guide has provided valuable insights into Retinal Vein Occlusions. Remember, your eye health is important, and seeking timely care can make a significant difference in maintaining clear vision and overall well-being.